Palmenti di Pietragalla: Italian wineries carved in stone like hobbit holes
In Pietragalla in the Basilicata region (Potenza province), at an altitude of over 800 meters above sea level, some 200 stone palmenti structures have been preserved. They served local farmers for wine production – grapes were crushed by foot, and the juice flowed gravitationally between three reservoirs. The structures, carved mainly from yellowish sandstone, were still used in the 1960s–70s. Their low entrances and facades built into the hillside resemble the hobbit holes from Tolkien film adaptations.
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