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How many Spider-Men does it take to beat Doctor Doom? Zero, apparently… Tom Holland, Tobey Maguire, and Andrew Garfield's names remain conspicuously absent from the Avengers: Doomsday cast list – something that's all the more surprising considering Spider-Man: Brand New Day will be the last Marvel movie releasing before Doom arrives.

Surely, though, the webslinger's next outing will go some way to setting up Avengers: Doomsday ? After all, other than a tease at the end of Fantastic Fou r, we've yet to see anything substantial of Victor Von Doom, who, lest we forget, was shoehorned in to replace Kang the Conqueror after a major(s) pivot .

Unfortunately, nothing publicly revealed about Brand New Day so far has suggested the movie will play any role in setting up the next Avengers. In fact, the marketing for Holland's fourth major Spider-Man flick has heavily leaned into this being a grounded, New York-set adventure with cameos from a couple of MCU heavy-hitters (Punisher and Hulk) and maybe (maybe not) introducing a new-look Jean Grey in Sadie Sink .

Doomsday, meanwhile, will feature basically every other character that’s ever featured in a Marvel movie. There will be classic Avengers (Steve Rogers, Thor), The New Avengers (Yelena, US Agent ) , Alternate Avengers (Captain America, Shang-Chi), Fox-era X-Men (Patrick Stewart's Charles Xavier, Ian McKellen's Magneto), Wakandans, and the recently introduced Fantastic Four.

That's a lot of superheroes – so perhaps it's unsurprising that returning directors the Russo brothers couldn’t fit Peter Parker into Doomsday. Yet there's also another potential reason: Brand New Day and Doomsday were originally going to be released the other way around, with Doomsday coming earlier than Brand New Day, which would instead have led into Avengers: Secret Wars .

Scheduling clashes

(Image credit: Sony Pictures) If Brand New Day and Doomsday were intrinsically related to one another, that scheduling change would have surely caused a substantial headache for Marvel, and there has been barely a whisper about the switcheroo having any effect on either film. The same could not have been said when Doctor Strange and the Multiverse of Madness and Spider-Man: No Way Home changed release order a few years ago due to the pandemic, with No Way Home’s writers saying it had a major impact on Doctor Strange's role in the film.

In other words, it would appear Brand New Day will be almost entirely self-contained as Peter Parker contends with The Hand and his own body morphing in potentially very weird ways . Even more telling is that the always-interesting, never-very-accurate online rumor mill has primarily avoided claiming Holland's character will play a major role in Doomsday. However, it has not ignored Spider-Man completely; various speculators have claimed Tobey Maguire’s Parker will be involved somehow.

This would mean very little for Brand New Day, of course. Maguire's Parker may have appeared in No Way Home, but there’s little room for him in Brand New Day. Plus, before his "secret" appearance in No Way Home, basically everyone and their uncle knew he would be turning up in the multiverse adventure. Again, Brand New Day is staying stubbornly grounded, minus the Man-Spider of it all.

There is still a chance Holland's Spider-Man could turn up in Doomsday. The character was recently pictured filming scenes in London – but whether these are for Brand New Day or Doomsday remains unclear. It would, you would think, be too late in the day to be doing additional photography for Brand New Day, coming to theaters so soon. The general consensus seems to be that this could be something akin to a Doomsday post-credits scene, which, while pure speculation, would actually tie neatly into another rumor making the rounds online: that Peter Parker will be central to Avengers: Secret Wars.

Best kept secrets

(Image credit: Sony Pictures/Marvel Studios) So, a few things to think about. Ant-Man and the Wasp and Captain Marvel were both released in theaters between Avengers: Infinity War and Avengers: Endgame, and both leading heroes played key roles in Thanos' downfall. Brand New Day was originally meant to release between Doomsday and Secret Wars… see where I'm going here?

It makes perfect sense for Marvel to save its biggest hero for a starring role in the second Avengers film, presumably lining up Peter Parker to take on Victor Von Doom, should the Big Bad defeat the other Avengers in Doomsday (almost a certainty, unless Marvel’s saving another new villain for Secret Wars…). This would mean that, rather than setting up Doomsday, Brand New Day is instead paving the way for Spidey's Secret Wars role.

That is pure speculation, but there’s one more rumor to consider. If Secret Wars takes its cues from the comic books, namely the 2015 Secret Wars run, then the movie will take place on Battleworld, a planet that combines various versions of Earth from across the multiverse, with Doom acting as its emperor. Some unconfirmed concept art from a few years back seemingly confirmed the film will also go in this direction (and the movie wouldn’t really live up to the Secret Wars name without Battleworld, would it?).

Here's where the rumor comes in: there’s been talk of Doom wiping each Avenger's memory in order to make them serve him on Battleworld. Now, we've seen how crucial memory is to Spider-Man’s story in the MCU: the inciting incident of No Way Home was Doctor Strange making the world forget that Peter Parker is Spider-Man. We also know that Brand New Day continues this theme as Parker struggles being Spider-Man without his friends, MJ and Ned, by his side.

Could Brand New Day introduce something that allows Parker to retain his memories, should Doom wipe out everyone else's? Perhaps the remnant of symbiote left behind in the No Way Home post-credits from Venom will retain memories of Spider-Man and give them to Parker? Or perhaps Sink's maybe Jean Grey will go into his mind and protect him from a memory wipe? Or perhaps this is all a load of rubbish, and Spider-Man won’t appear in Doomsday or Secret Wars!

There's a whole web of conspiracies out there to speculate about, and when Brand New Day finally arrives in theaters, we may be a step closer to working out what’s in store for us when Doomsday and Secret Wars release. Until then, are we sure Mobius won't be in Brand New Day? What about Kraven? You never know…

Spider-Man: Brand New Day swings into theaters in the UK on July 29 and the US on July 31. For more, check out our guides to all the upcoming Marvel movies and shows on the way, as well as our breakdown of how to watch the Marvel movies in order .

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Albert Einstein gave us the theory of relativity , explained the photoelectric effect and predicted the existence of gravitational waves . He revolutionized our understanding of space, time and gravity.

In fact, he is so famous for his brilliance that "Einstein" is synonymous with "genius." But being a genius doesn't mean you're infallible. So was Einstein wrong about anything?

"For sure, he was wrong about tons of things," Nicolás Yunes , a theoretical physicist at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, told Live Science. "We remember him for the things he was right about, for the most part, because the things he was right about shocked the scientific world and eventually those ripples affected everyone on Earth."

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For example, one of his most famous predictions was marred by a mathematical mistake. In 1916, Einstein correctly realized that the acceleration of matter could produce ripples in space-time that we now call gravitational waves. But when he and the physicist Nathan Rosen described these waves using mathematics, they ran into a problem: Any solution to the equations of general relativity that would allow for gravitational waves "blew up," Yunes said. "They had these singularities … these divergences. And solutions that diverge and explode like that, they can't be physical representations of reality."

As a result, Einstein changed his mind and decided that gravitational waves couldn't exist. He wrote up his results and submitted them to the journal Physical Review , which had recently begun sending papers to outside experts for peer review. An anonymous reviewer caught an error in Einstein's math, and when Einstein learned about it, he was so furious that he withdrew the paper and submitted it to a different journal.

But the reviewer had spotted a real error: Einstein's mathematical infinities were a coordinate artifact. Much like Earth's lines of longitude seem to converge to a "singularity" at the North Pole even though nothing unusual is happening there on the ground, Einstein's math could have been fixed by using a different set of coordinates.

Without Einstein's knowledge, the reviewer befriended and demonstrated the error to Einstein's assistant, who explained it to Einstein. Einstein corrected the error and republished the paper with the opposite conclusion, showing that gravitational waves do, in fact, exist.

Einstein originally thought that gravitational waves existed, then changed his mind when the math didn't work out. However, an anonymous peer reviewer named Howard Percy Robertson managed to secretly help Einstein fix his mathematical errors. (Image credit: MARK GARLICK/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY via Getty Images) Calculating "impossible infinities"

Remarkably, Einstein stumbled on the same error twice — at least, it seemed that way. When examining the mathematics around black holes , he once again calculated impossible infinities ‪—‬ this time, at the edge of a black hole. And once again, he concluded that this must mean the object couldn't exist.

"Einstein remained skeptical of the existence of black holes," John D. Norton , a professor in the Department of History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Pittsburgh, told Live Science in an email. "He was resolute in his judgment that there would be a singularity in space-time already at the event horizon of a black hole , which is now merely regarded as marking the point of no return for those falling into a black hole."

But this time, Einstein was not convinced that he made a mistake. Norton argues this wasn't just stubbornness; it reflected a philosophical belief in how Einstein thought mathematics and physics should relate to each other.

"He was unmoved by alternative analyses that found his mathematical infinities to be merely artifacts of the particular mathematical methods he preferred," Norton said.

Einstein was skeptical of the existence of black holes (pictured here in a 3D render) because his math showed a breakdown in space-time at a black hole's edge. (Image credit: Cavan Images / Luca Pierro via Getty Images) Einstein and quantum mechanics

Einstein's resistance to quantum mechanics is probably his most famous wrong turn. His central objection was to a phenomenon called quantum entanglement : the idea that two particles can be linked in such a way that measuring one instantly affects the other, no matter the distance between them. In a 1947 letter to his colleague Max Born, he wrote , "I cannot seriously believe in it because the theory cannot be reconciled with the idea that physics should represent a reality in time and space, free from spooky actions at a distance."

Einstein thought this instantaneous phenomenon seemed to violate special relativity , which says that nothing can travel faster than light . As a result, he believed quantum mechanics must be incomplete and that there was some deeper, unknown description of reality that would restore order.

"He died not liking quantum mechanics," Yunes said. It wasn't until 1964, almost a decade after Einstein's death, that John Bell proved entanglement was real.

"Today, a lot of the technology that we have relies on quantum mechanics, and so we know it's correct," Yunes said. "But it's still incompatible with general relativity, with [Einstein's] classical theory."

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"It's possible that general relativity is wrong," Yunes said. "It's also possible that quantum mechanics is not the right description when you're talking about systems that are very strongly gravitating and you're looking at Planck-scale-type dynamics," which are incredibly small scales at which quantum effects dominate. For instance, the center of a black hole, which is both compressed to the quantum scale but also sits inside the most intense gravitational field in the universe, is a place where general relativity predicts a singularity that quantum mechanics has no way to describe.

But many of Einstein's mistakes still moved science forward. "General relativity is a good example," Norton said. "Einstein based it on the idea that he was generalizing the principle of relativity to acceleration and on what he soon called Mach's principle. Neither proved compatible with his final general theory of relativity."

Einstein's mistakes might come as a surprise to others, but they didn't to him. Once, when writing a book with his collaborator Leopold Infeld, Infeld told him he was taking special care with it because Einstein's name would appear on it. Einstein laughed and said , "There are incorrect papers under my name, too."

See how much you know about Albert Einstein with our Einstein quiz!

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When it comes to online security, the only thing we’re told not to reuse is our passwords . However, in reality, passwords rarely go alone and are almost always paired with an email address — something that travels everywhere in plain text but rarely gets the same level of caution.

By handing out our personal email addresses, we effectively give away our digital identifier, which can be used to trace us back. Just as you shouldn’t reuse your passwords everywhere, your personal email shouldn’t be used on every platform you sign up for, either — especially since email addresses are exponentially harder to replace if they end up in a leak.